Rotary kiln simulation

solid feed -> heated/reacted solid + evolved gas (indirect, RTD-sized)

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Governing equations

The exact equations the solver works for a rotary kiln — the same math shown in the app's "Theory" panel, not a black box.

\theta = \frac{0.19\,L}{N\,D\,S}\;\;(\text{Sullivan-Maynard-Valentine residence time})

T_{out} = T_{wall} - (T_{wall}-T_{in})\,e^{-UA/(\dot m\,c_p)},\quad A=\pi D L

k=A_0 e^{-E_a/RT},\quad X = 1-e^{-k\theta}\;\;(\text{plug-flow decomposition})

Parameters

wall_temperature_K [required, indirect heating/cooling utility]; length_m/diameter_m/speed_rpm/slope [kiln geometry, defaults 20/2/2/0.03 — sizes the Sullivan residence time], overall_u_w_m2k [default 15, typical indirect-kiln range 10-50]; optional reaction_component/solid_product/gas_product + activation_energy_j_mol/pre_exponential_1_s/heat_of_reaction_j_mol for a first-order Arrhenius decomposition (e.g. calcination) — omit to run as a purely thermal kiln

Rotary kiln simulation

Governing equations

Parameters

Example flowsheets that use it

Direct air capture with solid-sorbent calcination + CO2 liquefaction

Cement kiln calcination + CO2 liquefaction

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