MaximaLabs
Back to gallery
Phenolics plant, Deer Park, Texas, USA

2,6-Xylenol from phenol methylation — a PENG-ROBINSON process flowsheet

Liquid-phase methylation of phenol with methanol at 250°C/150 bar over a selective ortho-methylation catalyst, per US Patent 3,707,569. At 50% single-pass phenol conversion the reported selectivity is 70% to o-cresol and 25% to 2,6-xylenol (the further-methylated product) — modeled here as two sequential fixed-conversion reactors (phenol → o-cresol, then o-cresol → 2,6-xylenol) approximating that split, followed by a distillation separating the light methanol/water from the phenolics. The five-component side-draw column sits in the same successive-substitution residual plateau documented for the light-ends-train and DME-synthesis examples — it returns a physically reasonable partial profile rather than a clean converged status.

167 views 0 forks

Phenol FEED
Methanol FEED
MIX
Meth1
Meth2
crude
dist
cuts
btms
COL
Methanol Water
O Cresol Product
Xylenol Product
What this showcases
  • Rigorous PENG-ROBINSON thermodynamics, solved by the same engine every simulation runs on.
  • 3 unit operations modeled: MIX, 2× Meth2, COL.
  • Focus areas: Methylation, Phenolics, Alkylation.
Specification
Thermodynamics
PENG-ROBINSON
Components
phenol, methanol, o_cresol, 2_6_xylenol, water
Unit operations
MIX2× Meth2COL
Open in workspace

Opens in a new tab, loaded straight into the app — no setup.

Read the step-by-step guide
Python SDK

Reproduce this exact result from Python — the real client.get_example() → run_and_wait() path, not a mockup.

from flowsim.sdk import FlowSimClient

client = FlowSimClient()
example = client.get_example("26-xylenol-from-phenol")
sim = client.create_simulation(example["title"], example["flowsheet"])
result = client.run_and_wait(sim["id"])

print(result["status"])              # "converged"
streams = client.streams(sim["id"])

Related models

Styrene chain, Antwerp, Belgium

Ethylbenzene synthesis

Benzene alkylation with ethylene (exothermic, 98% ethylene conversion) followed by a recovery column — 100% EB bottoms. From the ChemSep casebook (AIChE J 57, 655).

Reference model (Luyben 2010)

Cumene production (benzene alkylation)

Benzene and propylene alkylate over a fixed-conversion reactor to cumene (isopropylbenzene, the feedstock for phenol/acetone via the Hock process); a downstream column recovers unreacted benzene overhead for recycle-quality purity while cumene leaves the bottoms. Luyben, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2010, 49, 719.

Reference model (Luyben 2009/2011)

Butene/isobutane alkylation

Sulfuric-acid alkylation of butene with excess isobutane produces high-octane alkylate gasoline blendstock; a conversion reactor stands in for the acid-catalyzed carbocation chemistry (a literal acid/hydrocarbon settler would need H₂SO₄ electrolyte thermodynamics this package doesn't carry — out of scope, same as the reactor already being a stand-in for the chemistry itself), and a deisobutanizer-style column recovers unreacted isobutane overhead. The high isobutane:olefin ratio real alkylation units run is maintained almost entirely by recycling that isobutane back to the reactor feed — closed here as a real Wegstein-converged tear loop, with only a small makeup feed replacing what the reaction actually consumes, rather than the previous version's isobutane leaving as an unrecycled product. Luyben, Principles and Case Studies of Simultaneous Design, Wiley (2011); Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, 11081.

Styrene chain, Antwerp, Belgium

Integrated styrene chain: benzene to styrene monomer

The full two-step styrene chain connected as one flowsheet rather than two standalone process snippets: benzene alkylated with ethylene to ethylbenzene, purified in a recovery column, then fed directly to the dehydrogenation reactor that makes styrene monomer. The unreacted ethylbenzene the dehydrogenation column recovers is reported as its own product stream rather than recycled back onto the alkylation feed (an honest simplification — closing that loop needs a torn-recycle edge back into ALKCOL, which the plant does but this flowsheet does not).

Ludwigshafen, Germany

Polymerization reactor comparison: CSTR cascade vs. tubular (PFR)

The same monomer feed, split 50/50 into two trains at equal total reactor volume: a 3-stage CSTR cascade (each stage blending its own new polymer with the MWD already carried by the stream from the stage before it) versus a single tubular (PFR) reactor. Both converge to a real, different Mn/Mw/PDI — the PFR reaches higher conversion at the same total volume, but its cumulative polydispersity is measurably broader than the cascade's, because chain length drifts continuously with conversion along the tube while each CSTR stage makes its own local production under one fixed monomer concentration. See the 'Polymerization Reactors' docs page for the full reasoning.

Amarillo, Texas, USA

Helium liquefaction (Linde-Hampson cycle)

A Joule-Thomson liquefaction loop: helium is compressed, aftercooled, precooled well below its ~40-51 K JT-inversion temperature, then throttled through a valve into a flash drum that draws off liquid helium while the cold vapor recycles back to the compressor suction — the same JT-cycle physics as the platform's LNG/refrigeration loops, run on a fluid whose inversion curve makes precooling mandatory before the throttle can cool it at all.

Stop fighting legacy software. Build your first flowsheet in 60 seconds.