Battery Black-Mass Recycling
Acid leaching -> D2EHPA solvent extraction -> Faraday's-law BPED -> MSMPR crystallization: real hydrometallurgy chaining leach, SX, membrane electrochemistry, and a population-balance crystallizer into one battery-recycling train.
Spent-battery black mass (Li/Co/Ni/Mn) dissolved by acid leaching, purified by real D2EHPA pH-isotherm solvent extraction, converted to LiOH by a Faraday's-law bipolar- membrane electrodialysis (BPED) cell, and finished by an MSMPR population-balance crystallizer — four independently-real unit ops chained into the one hydrometallurgy train none of them had been assembled into before this template.
Operating the extraction stage at pH 7.5 — above every curated Co/Ni/Mn D2EHPA pH50 — extracts all three transition metals into the organic phase while lithium, which has no curated D2EHPA isotherm, passes straight through to the raffinate untouched. That raffinate feeds the BPED cell, and the BPED product feeds the crystallizer.
Launch in MaximaLabs WorkspaceWhat this doesn't model
- No acid-consumption/neutralization mass balance between the acidic leach liquor and the pH-7.5 extraction stage — pH is an operator-set circuit condition here, not a titration model (the same simplification the existing Co/Ni solvent-extraction example already makes).
- The recovered Co/Ni/Mn organic concentrate leaves as one lumped product stream, not separated into refined individual metal products (a further strip/SX train).